Children’s Impact of Traumatic Events Scale - Revised, Attributions Scale (Crouch et al., 1999)

• Populations: Sexually Abused Youth
• Age ranges: 8-17
• Languages: English
• Countries: United States

Items

Items not reported, no examples given. Item counts and subscales:

CITES-R Attributions Scale: 30 (33 originally, 3 omitted by mistake)

• Self-Blame / Guilt: 12
• Personal Vulnerability: 6 (9 Items originally, 3 omitted by mistake)
• Dangerious World: 5
• Empowerment: 7 

Scoring

CITES-R Attributions Scale: 

• Self-Blame / Guilt: - High scores reflect respondent tendency to self-blame for abuse.
• Personal Vulnerability: High scores reflect respondent beliefs that sexual abuse happens often to children, it could happen to them again, and the victim is unable to prevent bad things happening to them.
• Dangerous World: High scores reflect respondent tendency to worry about children and believe that adults can’t be trusted.
• Empowerment: High scores reflect respondent feeling of capacity to prevent sexual abuse recurrence. 

Citations

• Crouch, J., Smith, D., Ezzell, C., & Saunders, B. (1990). Measuring Reactions to Sexual Trauma Among Children: Comparing the Children’s Impact of Traumatic Events Scale and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children. Child Maltreatment, 4(3), 255-263.
• Wolfe, V. V., Gentile, C., Michienzi, T., Sas, L., & Wolfe, D. A. (1991). Children’s Impact of Traumatic Events Scale: A measure of post-sexual-abuse PTSD symptoms. Behavioral Assessment, 13, 359–383.

Team comments

Developed in a group of 4 measurement instruments:

CITES-R PTSD

CITES-R Social Reactions Scale

CITES-R Attributions Scale

CITES-R Eroticism

(Crouch et al., 1999)